Great News: These four COVID-19 Vaccines have shown Effective Results in trials. Will the COVID-19 vaccine be released next month?

 India’s tally crossed the 11 lakh mark on Monday with 40,430 new COVID-19 cases in the last 24 hours, highest single-day spike ever, stated the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare while adding that 683 fatalities were reported during the same period.

The pandemic COVID-19 has completely changed our lives. For most people, it’s highly destructive than ever, but we all hope for a better future. Now, the only thing we are waiting for is the vaccine that will end it all.

 Is there any hope of getting rid of this pandemic as soon as possible? Well, if the case studies and reports are something to go by, then a COVID-19 vaccine will be provided sooner rather than later.

The following is a list of vaccines that have been tested and showed some promising results–

1. India’s Covaxin- COVAXIN is India’s top competitor in the Covid-19 vaccine race. Over the past few days, as the number of novel coronavirus cases has increased rapidly in the country, India’s first Covid-19 indigenous vaccine “Covaxin” was approved by the AIIMS Ethics Committee to conduct human trials.

•  Bharat Biotechnology International Limited (BBIL) has developed India’s first potential autochthonous (Covid-19) vaccine for coronavirus infection. COVAXIN vaccine is competing with almost 100 other vaccine candidates worldwide. 

• That being said, the COVAXIN vaccine for COVID-19 treatment is in the last stage of human trials. PGI Rohtak began a human trial of Covaxin, ICMR, and a Bharat biotech International Limited candidate vaccine. Mr. Anil Vij, the Minister of Health of Haryana State, stated that the vaccine is well tolerated in citizens.

• Philanthropist Bill Gates who is Microsoft co-founder claimed the Indian pharmaceutical industry can be able to produce coronavirus vaccines for the country and also for the entire world.

• ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) instructed the company and key researchers at 12 localities to accelerate the trial to launch the vaccine by August 15. Therefore, it seems that we are likely to get India’s first vaccine for coronavirus treatment next month.

2. Russia Declares that Vaccine is Ready- Yes, you read that right. The Russian defence ministry proclaimed that it had developed a “safe” COVID-19 vaccine. The ministry stated that 18 people had engaged in the research and were discharged without serious adverse effects, complications, health complaints, or other side effects. Russia’s Sovereign Wealth Fund head also declared that Russia expects to supply 30 million doses of the experimental COVID-19 drug domestically this year, with the possibility of producing 170 million across the world.

• Kirill Dmitriev, RDIF (Russian Direct Investment Fund) head, announced that a more considerable trial of the third stage which is also known as the human trial phase would begin in August and include several thousand people.

• According to sources, Russian scientists claimed that they expect to launch the world’s first COVID-19 experimental drug as soon as next month. If everything goes well, we hope it will reach several places.

3. AZD1222 –  The AZD1222 coronavirus vaccine candidate, formerly known as ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, is made from a virus (ChAdOx1), which is an attenuated version of cold virus, known as adenovirus that causes chimpanzees infections which have genetically modified so that it cannot grow in humans.

• Genetic material has annexed to form the ChAdOx1 which utilizes the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 called glycoprotein Spike (S) to make proteins. This protein is commonly found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 and plays an important role in the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection pathway.

• Researchers hope to make the body recognize and develop an immune response to the Spike protein through vaccinating with AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) which will help prevent the SARS-CoV-2 virus from entering human cells thereby preventing infection.

• The candidate AZD1222 vaccine for coronavirus infection treatment has entered the late phase II/III clinical trials of more than 10,000 people across the UK. Both the Jenner Institute and the University of Oxford are working on the vaccine which is partially funded by the UK Ministry of Health. 

• Vaccines made from the ChAdOx1 virus, have been given to people, if it proves to be effective and safe in the final stage, it will be available on the market next month.

4. US-based COVID-19 “Moderna” Vaccine –  According to the details posted on the clintrials.gov website, Moderna US-based Biotech Company declared that human trials will start on July 27, which is the third and last stage of the experimental an mRNA vaccine for COVID-19 treatment.

• The third phase of testing will evaluate how the vaccine protects humans from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes coronavirus. It should be noted that Moderna is the first Biotech company in the USA to begin testing the coronavirus vaccine in humans.

• Moderna company has announced that it has published its provisional Phase 1 open-label study report of its COVID-19 vaccine candidate, mRNA-1273, in the New England Journal of Medicine. According to sources, mRNA-1273 elicits a rapid and effective immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

• The third phase of the trial will involve 30,000 people of the United States, half of them will get a 100-microgram dose of vaccine, and the rest will receive a placebo.

• In phase 3 trials that will be conducted at 87 sites across the US, researchers will determine the safety, effectiveness, and reliability of the experimental COVID-19 vaccine in adults whose age is 18 and older.

• Moderna is at the forefront in the global race of finding the coronavirus vaccine against the COVID-19, which has infected more than 14 million people and killed 5,72,000.
  According to the rules of the World Health Organization, vaccines must undergo three stages of research before they can be approved for mass production.
  
  Covid-19 Vaccine human trials proceed as follows:
  
  
• Phase 1 is normally held small-scale studies to evaluate the safety of candidate vaccines and clinical tolerability. 
  
• Phase 2 of the trail covers a larger number of subjects, with a focus on determining the optimal dose, intervals between doses, and the minimum number of doses of a candidate vaccine required in a target community. 

• Stage three trials include an enormous number of people. If the final stage has clear and conclusive evidence of its safety and efficacy, then the candidate vaccine is ready to enter into industrial production.

Well, there are hundreds of other vaccines for coronavirus treatment that are currently in development. However, as mentioned earlier, only these vaccines are the ones that are in the final stage of trials which are expected to show some beneficial results soon and prove to be effective and safe so that an ample number of doses can be provided to vaccinate everybody who needs it and put an end to this epidemic.

 Let’s hope for the best!